Latest Articles


June 3, 2019
GNSS Cybersecurity Threats: An International Law Perspective

  Hostile cyber operations such as jamming and spoofing of GNSS signals are a growing concern. While they do not cause major damages…

By Ingo Baumann


February 15, 2019
Impact of Geospatial Data Act of 2018 in U.S. – Time Will Tell

On October 3, 2018, the Geospatial Data Act of 2018 (GDA) was passed by Congress as part of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)…

By Ingo Baumann


December 4, 2018
GPS Investigations in Japan, and Privacy Concerns

The legal and privacy issues surrounding GPS investigations have come to the forefront around the globe in recent years. Recent court rulings in…

By Ingo Baumann


January 1, 2018
RNSS and the ITU Radio Regulations

All applications of satellite navigation show a strong growth. They can now rely on four global systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou) and…

By Ingo Baumann


September 19, 2017
IMO and the GNSS

The maritime sector drives the global economy, with ships transporting more than 80% of world trade. Ships and ports have come to rely…

By Ingo Baumann


May 27, 2017
Space Law and GNSS

By Ingo Baumann


April 1, 2017
Traceable Time from GNSS Signals

Tables 1 – 3

By Ingo Baumann


January 24, 2017
State of Play in China

The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is China’s contribution to the world in the domain of Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS). The BDS…

By Ingo Baumann


November 22, 2016
GNSS & the Law

GNSS & The Law delves into the debates and developments around the new area of global satellite navigation system law. This occasional feature…

By Ingo Baumann


November 13, 2016
Legislative Situation in India Regarding Satellite Navigation

This year India entered the club of nations operating their own satellite navigation system. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) has a…

By Ingo Baumann


September 1, 2016
Geolocation Privacy

Reasonable Expectations of Privacy and a discussion of privacy in the United States typically begins with the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution,…

By Ingo Baumann


July 6, 2016
The Emerging Legal Debate Around Japan’s QZSS

Japan’s regional and augmentation positioning system, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), is a project yet to be developed. While it will become a…

By Ingo Baumann


March 18, 2016
GLONASS and PNT in Russia

The legal and regulatory framework of the Russian Federation covers not only the GLONASS system, but the country’s overall positioning, navigation and timing…

By Ingo Baumann


November 16, 2015
State of Play in the European Union

Global navigation satellite systems have become core elements of the global economy. Essential for many civilian applications and innovations, GNSS brings rapidly growing…

By Ingo Baumann


June 29, 2015
Playing by the Rules of World Trade Law

The availability of several GNSSes promises advanced positioning, navigation, and timing services with higher availability and improved accuracy. According to a European GNSS…

By Ingo Baumann


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